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Overview
Tonsillitis is an infection of the tonsils at the sides of your throat. It's a common childhood illness, but teenagers and adults can get it too.
Symptoms
Tonsillitis can feel like a bad cold or flu. The tonsils at the sides of your throat will be red and swollen.
Symptoms in children and adults can include:
- a sore throat
- problems swallowing
- a high temperature
- coughing
- a headache
- feeling and being sick
- earache
- feeling tired
Sometimes the symptoms can be more severe and include:
- swollen, painful glands in your neck (feels like a lump on the side of your neck)
- pus-filled spots or white patches on your tonsils
- bad breath
Causes
Tonsillitis is usually caused by a virus, such as a cold, but it can also be due to a bacterial infection such as strep throat.
Diagnosis
A doctor can usually tell if it's tonsillitis by asking about your symptoms and looking in your throat.
You may also need:
- a swab test to see if bacteria are causing your tonsillitis (a cotton bud is used to wipe the back of your throat)
- a blood test for glandular fever if symptoms are severe or will not go away
Treatment Options
Tonsillitis usually gets better on its own after a few days but it can last longer.
To help treat the symptoms:
- get plenty of rest
- drink cool drinks to soothe the throat
- take paracetamol or ibuprofen (do not give aspirin to children under 16)
- gargle with warm salty water (children should not do this)
A pharmacist can help with tonsillitis. They can give advice and suggest treatments, like:
- lozenges containing a local anaesthetic, antiseptic, or anti-inflammatory medicine
- throat sprays (although there's little proof they help)
- antiseptic solutions
Treatment for tonsillitis will depend on what's causing it:
- most children and adults get viral tonsillitis (caused by a virus), which clears up on its own
- for bacterial tonsillitis (caused by bacteria), a GP may prescribe antibiotics
A GP will usually wait for the test results to tell which type you have.
It's very rare that someone needs to have their tonsils taken out.
This is usually only done if you have severe tonsillitis that keeps coming back.
When To See A Doctor
See a GP:
- if the symptoms of tonsillitis do not go away within 1 week
- you keep getting throat infections
See a doctor urgently if:
- you have pus-filled spots on your tonsils
- you have a sore throat so painful it's difficult to eat or drink
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