Shock

Overview

In the case of a serious injury or illness, it's important to look out for signs of shock.

Shock is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the circulatory system fails to provide enough oxygenated blood to the body and, as a result, deprives the vital organs of oxygen.

This is usually the result of severe blood loss, but it can also occur after severe burns, severe vomiting, a heart attack, a bacterial infection, or a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis).

The type of shock described here isn't the same as the emotional response of feeling shocked, which can also occur after an accident.

Signs and Symptoms

Signs of shock include:

• pale, cold, clammy skin
• sweating
• rapid, shallow breathing
• weakness and dizziness
• feeling sick and possibly vomiting
• thirst
• yawning
• sighing

Seek medical help immediately if you notice that someone has any of these signs of shock.

Immediate First Aid Steps

You should:

• call for an ambulance as soon as possible and ask for an ambulance 
• treat any obvious injuries
• lie the person down if their injuries allow you to and, if possible, raise and support their legs
• use a coat or blanket to keep them warm
• do not give them anything to eat or drink
• give them lots of comfort and reassurance (fear and pain can make shock worse by increasing the body’s demand for oxygen)
• monitor the person – if they stop breathing, start CPR and call the ambulance to update them

When To Seek Medical Help

Call an ambulance or seek immediate medical help (e.g. Emergency Department) if:

• you notice that someone has any of the signs of shock